There were nonsignificant trends for increased IL- 1β/IL-1ra and (IL-1α + IL-1β)/IL-1ra ratios in the osteoporotic vs. The IL-1α/IL-1ra ratio, an index of IL-1α bioactivity, was higher in the osteoporotic women (6.4 ± 1.1) than in the normal women (4.4 ± 0.5 P < 0.05). IL-1ra levels (mean ± SEM) tended to be lower in the osteoporotic women (143 ± 21 pg/mL) vs. Despite having higher rates of bone turnover as assessed by bone biochemical markers, the osteoporotic women had serum levels of IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β that were similar to the normal women. Since IL-1 activity is modulated by the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), we also measured circulating IL-1ra levels in these women. To test this hypothesis, we measured circulating levels of IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β in 40 age-matched normal and 40 osteoporotic women with vertebral fractures and increased bone turnover. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 have been postulated to play roles in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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